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Proteintech mef 2a
YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, <t>MEF-2A,</t> and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.
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1) Product Images from "YTHDF1 and YTHDC1 m 6 A reader proteins regulate HTLV-1 tax and hbz activity"

Article Title: YTHDF1 and YTHDC1 m 6 A reader proteins regulate HTLV-1 tax and hbz activity

Journal: Journal of Virology

doi: 10.1128/jvi.02063-24

YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, MEF-2A, and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.
Figure Legend Snippet: YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, MEF-2A, and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Techniques Used: Derivative Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Lysis, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Control, Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Knockdown of YTHDF1 increases sense-derived and decreases antisense-derived viral transcripts. SLB-1 and ATL-ED cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h. Cells were then transduced with shControl and shYTHDF1 lentivirus. ( A and D ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz), YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control). Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to DMSO, shControl (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( B ) Virus release in the cell supernatant (of SLB-1 cells) was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( C and E ) RNA was isolated and qRT-PCR was used to measure the transcript levels of tax , env , gag , and hbz relative to gapdh . ( F ) SLB-1 cells and ( G ) ATL-ED cells were subjected to immunoblot to measure YTHDF1, JunD, SP1, MEF-2A, MEF-2C, and β-actin (loading control). The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panels F and G are duplicates of those depicted in panels A and D, respectively, as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to shControl, DMSO (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.
Figure Legend Snippet: Knockdown of YTHDF1 increases sense-derived and decreases antisense-derived viral transcripts. SLB-1 and ATL-ED cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h. Cells were then transduced with shControl and shYTHDF1 lentivirus. ( A and D ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz), YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control). Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to DMSO, shControl (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( B ) Virus release in the cell supernatant (of SLB-1 cells) was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( C and E ) RNA was isolated and qRT-PCR was used to measure the transcript levels of tax , env , gag , and hbz relative to gapdh . ( F ) SLB-1 cells and ( G ) ATL-ED cells were subjected to immunoblot to measure YTHDF1, JunD, SP1, MEF-2A, MEF-2C, and β-actin (loading control). The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panels F and G are duplicates of those depicted in panels A and D, respectively, as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to shControl, DMSO (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Techniques Used: Knockdown, Derivative Assay, Transduction, Western Blot, Control, Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR



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Figure 5. Mettl3 deficiency causes hypomethylation of the Sox4, Sox11, and <t>Mef2a</t> transcripts in mouse embryonic hearts. A Schematic diagram of the MeRIP-seq analysis used to identify m6A methylation target genes in mouse embryonic hearts. B Volcano plot showing genes corresponding to the differentially m6A-methylated transcripts detected by MeRIP-seq analysis in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. The abscissa axis is log2 (fold change), and the ordinate axis is [-log10 (adjusted P value)]. The gray dots indicate the genes without differentially methylated m6A peaks, the blue dots indicate the genes with differentially hypomethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group, and the red dots indicate the genes with differentially hypermethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group. C Schematic diagram of screening m6A methylation target genes involved in congenital cardiac defects. D MeRIP-qPCR analysis of m6A enrichment in the transcripts of Mef2a, Sox4, Sox11, and Gata5 in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 15 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for post hoc comparisons. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. ns = not significant.
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Figure 2. Prenatal alcohol exposure downregulated METTL3-involved methyltransferase complex expression in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative <t>analysis</t> of mRNA expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 10 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. B Representative <t>Western</t> <t>blotting</t> and quantitative analysis of METTL3 expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5. n = 7 vs. 5 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01. C Representative hematoxylin-eosin staining images of hearts at E18.5 from mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. RV, right ventricle; LV, left ventricle. The black arrows indicate ventricular hypoplasia. Scale bar = 1 mm. D Quantitative analysis on the incidence of right ventricle hypoplasia (RVH) in mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. n =13 per group. The data were analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test. *, P< 0.05.
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YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, <t>MEF-2A,</t> and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.
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YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, <t>MEF-2A,</t> and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.
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Image Search Results


Figure 5. Mettl3 deficiency causes hypomethylation of the Sox4, Sox11, and Mef2a transcripts in mouse embryonic hearts. A Schematic diagram of the MeRIP-seq analysis used to identify m6A methylation target genes in mouse embryonic hearts. B Volcano plot showing genes corresponding to the differentially m6A-methylated transcripts detected by MeRIP-seq analysis in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. The abscissa axis is log2 (fold change), and the ordinate axis is [-log10 (adjusted P value)]. The gray dots indicate the genes without differentially methylated m6A peaks, the blue dots indicate the genes with differentially hypomethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group, and the red dots indicate the genes with differentially hypermethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group. C Schematic diagram of screening m6A methylation target genes involved in congenital cardiac defects. D MeRIP-qPCR analysis of m6A enrichment in the transcripts of Mef2a, Sox4, Sox11, and Gata5 in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 15 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for post hoc comparisons. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. ns = not significant.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Mettl3 deficiency causes hypomethylation of the Sox4, Sox11, and Mef2a transcripts in mouse embryonic hearts. A Schematic diagram of the MeRIP-seq analysis used to identify m6A methylation target genes in mouse embryonic hearts. B Volcano plot showing genes corresponding to the differentially m6A-methylated transcripts detected by MeRIP-seq analysis in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. The abscissa axis is log2 (fold change), and the ordinate axis is [-log10 (adjusted P value)]. The gray dots indicate the genes without differentially methylated m6A peaks, the blue dots indicate the genes with differentially hypomethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group, and the red dots indicate the genes with differentially hypermethylated m6A peaks in the Mettl3-CV KO group. C Schematic diagram of screening m6A methylation target genes involved in congenital cardiac defects. D MeRIP-qPCR analysis of m6A enrichment in the transcripts of Mef2a, Sox4, Sox11, and Gata5 in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 15 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for post hoc comparisons. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. ns = not significant.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: Methylation, Control

Figure 6. Mettl3 deficiency downregulates the expression of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A proteins in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05. ns = not significant. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of protein expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 4 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05, **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. C Immunohistochemical staining images of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Mettl3 deficiency downregulates the expression of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A proteins in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05. ns = not significant. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of protein expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 4 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05, **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. C Immunohistochemical staining images of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Figure 7. METTL3 and m6A RNA modification are necessary for embryonic cardiovascular development. METTL3 catalyzes the formation of m6A RNA methylation on transcripts of Sox11, Sox4, and Mef2a and ensures the normal embryonic development of cardiovascular systems. On the other hand, cardiovascular-specific METTL3 deficiency causes downregulation of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A, and leads to congenital cardiac defects including left pulmonary stenosis (LPS), ventricular septal defects (VSD) and right ventricular hypoplasia (RVH) in mice.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. METTL3 and m6A RNA modification are necessary for embryonic cardiovascular development. METTL3 catalyzes the formation of m6A RNA methylation on transcripts of Sox11, Sox4, and Mef2a and ensures the normal embryonic development of cardiovascular systems. On the other hand, cardiovascular-specific METTL3 deficiency causes downregulation of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A, and leads to congenital cardiac defects including left pulmonary stenosis (LPS), ventricular septal defects (VSD) and right ventricular hypoplasia (RVH) in mice.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: RNA modification, Methylation

Figure 2. Prenatal alcohol exposure downregulated METTL3-involved methyltransferase complex expression in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 10 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of METTL3 expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5. n = 7 vs. 5 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01. C Representative hematoxylin-eosin staining images of hearts at E18.5 from mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. RV, right ventricle; LV, left ventricle. The black arrows indicate ventricular hypoplasia. Scale bar = 1 mm. D Quantitative analysis on the incidence of right ventricle hypoplasia (RVH) in mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. n =13 per group. The data were analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test. *, P< 0.05.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Prenatal alcohol exposure downregulated METTL3-involved methyltransferase complex expression in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 10 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of METTL3 expression in the hearts of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5 and collected at E10.5. n = 7 vs. 5 per group, and each sample was obtained from 4 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01. C Representative hematoxylin-eosin staining images of hearts at E18.5 from mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. RV, right ventricle; LV, left ventricle. The black arrows indicate ventricular hypoplasia. Scale bar = 1 mm. D Quantitative analysis on the incidence of right ventricle hypoplasia (RVH) in mouse embryos exposed to alcohol or saline at E8.5-9.5. n =13 per group. The data were analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test. *, P< 0.05.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Saline, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Staining

Figure 3. Mettl3 deficiency driven by Tagln-Cre causes postnatal lethality in mice. A Schematic representation of the strategy used to generate cardiovascular-specific Mettl3 knockout mice and representative images of the genotyping procedure. B The breeding strategy for generating cardiovascular-specific Mettl3 knockout mice (Tagln-Cre; Mettl3 flox/flox, named Mettl3-CV KO). C Quantitative analysis of Mettl3 mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was determined by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01. D Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of METTL3 expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. ***, P< 0.001. E Kaplan‒Meier survival curves of Mettl3-CV KO (red line) and control mice (blue line) after birth. n =21 vs. 24. The data were analyzed by using the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. ***, P< 0.001.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Mettl3 deficiency driven by Tagln-Cre causes postnatal lethality in mice. A Schematic representation of the strategy used to generate cardiovascular-specific Mettl3 knockout mice and representative images of the genotyping procedure. B The breeding strategy for generating cardiovascular-specific Mettl3 knockout mice (Tagln-Cre; Mettl3 flox/flox, named Mettl3-CV KO). C Quantitative analysis of Mettl3 mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was determined by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. **, P< 0.01. D Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of METTL3 expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. ***, P< 0.001. E Kaplan‒Meier survival curves of Mettl3-CV KO (red line) and control mice (blue line) after birth. n =21 vs. 24. The data were analyzed by using the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. ***, P< 0.001.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: Knock-Out, Expressing, Control, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot

Figure 6. Mettl3 deficiency downregulates the expression of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A proteins in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05. ns = not significant. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of protein expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 4 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05, **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. C Immunohistochemical staining images of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Cardiovascular Mettl3 Deficiency Causes Congenital Cardiac Defects and Postnatal Lethality in Mice

doi: 10.7150/ijbs.100941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Mettl3 deficiency downregulates the expression of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A proteins in mouse embryonic hearts. A Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5 was performed by RT‒qPCR. n = 3 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05. ns = not significant. B Representative Western blotting and quantitative analysis of protein expression in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5-11.5. n = 4 per group, and each sample was obtained from 5 embryos. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were analyzed by using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *, P< 0.05, **, P< 0.01, ***, P< 0.001. C Immunohistochemical staining images of SOX4, SOX11, and MEF2A in the hearts of Mettl3-CV KO and control mouse embryos at E10.5. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against MEF2A (sc-17785) and PCNA (sc-56) used for Western blotting analysis were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, MEF-2A, and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: YTHDF1 and YTHDC1 m 6 A reader proteins regulate HTLV-1 tax and hbz activity

doi: 10.1128/jvi.02063-24

Figure Lengend Snippet: YTHDF1 decreases sense-derived and increases antisense-derived viral transcripts. HEK293T cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h and then transfected with LTR-1-luc, rtk-luc, HTLV-1 proviral DNA, and ±100 ng FLAG-YTHDF1 expression vector. Cells were collected 72 h post-transfection. ( A ) Cells were lysed in passive lysis buffer and firefly luciferase activity was quantified relative to renilla luciferase. ( B ) RNA was isolated, and qRT-PCR was used to measure sense-derived transcripts ( tax, gag, and env ) and antisense-derived ( hbz ) transcripts. ( C ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz) expression. β-actin was used as a loading control. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( D ) Virus release in the cell supernatant was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( E ) Western blot analysis was used to measure transcription factors SP1, JunD, MEF-2A, and MEF-2C. Antibodies against YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control) were also used. The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panel E are duplicates of those depicted in panel C as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to no YTHDF1 (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked with 5% milk in 1× PBS with 0.1% Tween-20 and incubated with the following primary antibodies: YTHDF1 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220162), YTHDF2 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220163), YTHDF3 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220161), YTHDC1 (1:10,000; Abcam, ab264375), Tax (rabbit anti-sera), HBZ (rabbit anti-sera) , gp46 (1:1000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-53890), p19/gag (1:1000; ZeptoMetrix SKU0801116), SP1 (1:1000; Cell Signaling #5931), JunD (1:1000; Santra Cruz Biotechnology, sc-271938), MEF-2A (1:1000, Proteintech, 12382–1-AP), MEF-2C (1:1000, Proteintech, 10056–1-AP), β-tubulin (1:1000; Cell Signaling #2146), Lamin A/C (1:1000; Cell Signaling #4777), and β-actin (1:5000; Sigma-Aldrich, A2228).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Lysis, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Control, Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Knockdown of YTHDF1 increases sense-derived and decreases antisense-derived viral transcripts. SLB-1 and ATL-ED cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h. Cells were then transduced with shControl and shYTHDF1 lentivirus. ( A and D ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz), YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control). Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to DMSO, shControl (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( B ) Virus release in the cell supernatant (of SLB-1 cells) was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( C and E ) RNA was isolated and qRT-PCR was used to measure the transcript levels of tax , env , gag , and hbz relative to gapdh . ( F ) SLB-1 cells and ( G ) ATL-ED cells were subjected to immunoblot to measure YTHDF1, JunD, SP1, MEF-2A, MEF-2C, and β-actin (loading control). The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panels F and G are duplicates of those depicted in panels A and D, respectively, as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to shControl, DMSO (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: YTHDF1 and YTHDC1 m 6 A reader proteins regulate HTLV-1 tax and hbz activity

doi: 10.1128/jvi.02063-24

Figure Lengend Snippet: Knockdown of YTHDF1 increases sense-derived and decreases antisense-derived viral transcripts. SLB-1 and ATL-ED cells were treated with or without 60 µM STM2457 for 72 h. Cells were then transduced with shControl and shYTHDF1 lentivirus. ( A and D ) Western blot analysis was used to measure viral protein (Env, Tax, p19 [Gag], and Hbz), YTHDF1 and β-actin (loading control). Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to DMSO, shControl (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. ( B ) Virus release in the cell supernatant (of SLB-1 cells) was measured using a p19 Gag ELISA. ( C and E ) RNA was isolated and qRT-PCR was used to measure the transcript levels of tax , env , gag , and hbz relative to gapdh . ( F ) SLB-1 cells and ( G ) ATL-ED cells were subjected to immunoblot to measure YTHDF1, JunD, SP1, MEF-2A, MEF-2C, and β-actin (loading control). The YTHDF1 and β-actin blots in panels F and G are duplicates of those depicted in panels A and D, respectively, as they are from the same experiment. Relative band intensity was quantified using ImageJ. Protein quantification relative to shControl, DMSO (lane 1; normalized to β-actin) is depicted below each western blot. Statistical significance was determined using a Student’s t -test; * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked with 5% milk in 1× PBS with 0.1% Tween-20 and incubated with the following primary antibodies: YTHDF1 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220162), YTHDF2 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220163), YTHDF3 (1:1000; Abcam, ab220161), YTHDC1 (1:10,000; Abcam, ab264375), Tax (rabbit anti-sera), HBZ (rabbit anti-sera) , gp46 (1:1000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-53890), p19/gag (1:1000; ZeptoMetrix SKU0801116), SP1 (1:1000; Cell Signaling #5931), JunD (1:1000; Santra Cruz Biotechnology, sc-271938), MEF-2A (1:1000, Proteintech, 12382–1-AP), MEF-2C (1:1000, Proteintech, 10056–1-AP), β-tubulin (1:1000; Cell Signaling #2146), Lamin A/C (1:1000; Cell Signaling #4777), and β-actin (1:5000; Sigma-Aldrich, A2228).

Techniques: Knockdown, Derivative Assay, Transduction, Western Blot, Control, Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR